1. What is the primary function of the xylem in plants?
a. Photosynthesis
b. Transpiration
c. Nutrient transport
d. Reproduction
Answer: c. Nutrient transport
2. Which of the following plant tissues is responsible for the transportation of sugars produced during photosynthesis?
a. Xylem
b. Phloem
c. Epidermis
d. Parenchyma
Answer: b. Phloem
3. What is the main site of photosynthesis in a plant cell?
a. Chloroplasts
b. Mitochondria
c. Nucleus
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: a. Chloroplasts
4. Which of the following is responsible for gas exchange in plants?
a. Stomata
b. Trichomes
c. Xylem
d. Cambium
Answer: a. Stomata
5. What is the primary function of the root hairs in a plant?
a. Water absorption
b. Photosynthesis
c. Support
d. Nutrient transport
Answer: a. Water absorption
6. The process by which water is lost from the leaves of a plant in the form of water vapor is called:
a. Transpiration
b. Respiration
c. Evaporation
d. Photosynthesis
Answer: a. Transpiration
7. What is the primary function of the guard cells in the stomata?
a. Photosynthesis
b. Nutrient transport
c. Regulation of water loss
d. Reproduction
Answer: c. Regulation of water loss
8. Which hormone is responsible for promoting cell elongation in plants?
a. Abscisic acid
b. Gibberellin
c. Auxin
d. Cytokinin
Answer: c. Auxin
9. The outermost layer of a plant stem that provides protection is called:
a. Cortex
b. Epidermis
c. Xylem
d. Cambium
Answer: b. Epidermis
10. What is the role of the phloem in a plant?
a. Water transport
b. Nutrient transport
c. Support
d. Gas exchange
Answer: b. Nutrient transport
11. The process of conversion of light energy into chemical energy in plants is known as:
a. Respiration
b. Transpiration
c. Photosynthesis
d. Translocation
Answer: c. Photosynthesis
12. Which plant hormone is involved in the promotion of fruit ripening?
a. Gibberellin
b. Cytokinin
c. Ethylene
d. Abscisic acid
Answer: c. Ethylene
13. The opening and closing of stomata are regulated by changes in the concentration of:
a. Auxin
b. Ethylene
c. Abscisic acid
d. Gibberellin
Answer: c. Abscisic acid
14. What type of tissue is responsible for the lateral growth of a plant?
a. Xylem
b. Phloem
c. Meristem
d. Parenchyma
Answer: c. Meristem
15. In which part of a plant would you find the apical meristem?
a. Root tip
b. Stem base
c. Leaf margin
d. Flower petals
Answer: a. Root tip
16. The process by which water moves through a plant from the roots to the leaves is called:
a. Osmosis
b. Transpiration
c. Photosynthesis
d. Active transport
Answer: b. Transpiration
17. Which of the following is a function of the cuticle in plant leaves?
a. Gas exchange
b. Protection against water loss
c. Nutrient absorption
d. Photosynthesis
Answer: b. Protection against water loss
18. What is the primary function of the vascular cambium in a woody plant?
a. Water transport
b. Lateral growth
c. Photosynthesis
d. Nutrient absorption
Answer: b. Lateral growth
19. The process of breaking down glucose to release energy in plant cells is called:
a. Transpiration
b. Respiration
c. Photosynthesis
d. Absorption
Answer: b. Respiration
20. Which of the following is a role of the root cap in a plant root?
a. Water absorption
b. Protection of the growing tip
c. Photosynthesis
d. Nutrient transport
Answer: b. Protection of the growing tip
11. What is the main function of the vascular cambium in plants?
a. Nutrient storage
b. Lateral growth (secondary growth)
c. Photosynthesis
d. Water absorption
Answer: b. Lateral growth (secondary growth)
12. Which part of a plant typically contains chlorophyll and is responsible for most of the plant’s photosynthesis?
a. Roots
b. Stems
c. Leaves
d. Flowers
Answer: c. Leaves
13. In which plant cell organelle does cellular respiration take place?
a. Nucleus
b. Chloroplast
c. Mitochondria
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: c. Mitochondria
14. The process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use is known as:
a. Denitrification
b. Ammonification
c. Nitrogen fixation
d. Nitrification
Answer: c. Nitrogen fixation
15. What is the primary role of the pericycle in plant roots?
a. Water absorption
b. Nutrient transport
c. Lateral root formation
d. Photosynthesis
Answer: c. Lateral root formation
16. Which plant hormone is involved in the promotion of fruit ripening?
a. Gibberellin
b. Abscisic acid
c. Ethylene
d. Auxin
Answer: c. Ethylene
17. The waxy layer on the surface of leaves that helps reduce water loss is called:
a. Epidermis
b. Cuticle
c. Stoma
d. Trichome
Answer: b. Cuticle
18. What is the primary function of the root cap in plant roots?
a. Nutrient absorption
b. Protection of the growing tip
c. Photosynthesis
d. Lateral root formation
Answer: b. Protection of the growing tip
19. Which of the following plant tissues is responsible for providing support and strength?
a. Parenchyma
b. Collenchyma
c. Sclerenchyma
d. Xylem
Answer: c. Sclerenchyma
20. The process of opening and closing of stomata is primarily regulated by changes in the concentration of:
a. Oxygen
b. Carbon dioxide
c. Water
d. Auxin
Answer: c. Water