1. What percentage of the Earth’s water is available as freshwater for human use?
a. 10%
b. 20%
c. 2.5%
d. 50%
Answer: c. 2.5%
2. Which continent is facing severe water scarcity issues, often referred to as “Day Zero” when water taps run dry?
a. Europe
b. Asia
c. Africa
d. North America
Answer: c. Africa
3. What is the primary cause of groundwater depletion worldwide?
a. Agricultural irrigation
b. Industrial pollution
c. Urbanization
d. Deforestation
Answer: a. Agricultural irrigation
4. Which river is one of the most polluted rivers in the world due to industrial discharges and urban waste?
a. Nile River
b. Ganges River
c. Amazon River
d. Yangtze River
Answer: b. Ganges River
5. What is the main factor contributing to the phenomenon of ocean acidification?
a. Deforestation
b. Greenhouse gas emissions
c. Oil spills
d. Overfishing
Answer: b. Greenhouse gas emissions
6. Which international day is dedicated to promoting the sustainable management of freshwater resources?
a. World Environment Day
b. World Water Day
c. Earth Day
d. International Water Day
Answer: b. World Water Day
7. What is the term for the gradual increase in the Earth’s average surface temperature, impacting water resources globally?
a. Globalization
b. Greenwashing
c. Global warming
d. Climate change
Answer: d. Climate change
8. Which country is home to the largest desalination plant in the world, addressing water scarcity through seawater conversion?
a. Saudi Arabia
b. United States
c. China
d. Australia
Answer: a. Saudi Arabia
9. What is the primary purpose of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6)?
a. Gender equality
b. Clean energy
c. Clean water and sanitation
d. Quality education
Answer: c. Clean water and sanitation
10. Which of the following is a major consequence of water pollution on aquatic ecosystems?
a. Increased biodiversity
b. Acid rain
c. Eutrophication
d. Ozone depletion
Answer: c. Eutrophication
11. Which region is known for experiencing frequent water-related conflicts due to the scarcity of water resources?
a. Southeast Asia
b. South America
c. Middle East
d. Central Africa
Answer: c. Middle East
12. What is the primary source of microplastics in the world’s oceans, contributing to water pollution?
a. Industrial runoff
b. Agricultural pesticides
c. Plastic waste mismanagement
d. Oil spills
Answer: c. Plastic waste mismanagement
13. Which international organization plays a crucial role in addressing global water challenges and promoting sustainable water management?
a. World Health Organization (WHO)
b. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
c. International Monetary Fund (IMF)
d. World Trade Organization (WTO)
Answer: b. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
14. What is the term for the process of collecting and storing rainwater for later use in agricultural irrigation or domestic purposes?
a. Desalination
b. Rainwater harvesting
c. Watershed management
d. Aquifer recharging
Answer: b. Rainwater harvesting
15. Which waterborne disease is caused by a parasitic protozoan and is a significant health concern in developing countries with poor water sanitation?
a. Cholera
b. Malaria
c. Typhoid
d. Giardiasis
Answer: d. Giardiasis
16. What is the term for the process by which water evaporates from plants into the atmosphere?
a. Condensation
b. Transpiration
c. Precipitation
d. Infiltration
Answer: b. Transpiration
17. Which of the following is a potential solution to reduce water demand in agriculture and improve water use efficiency?
a. Drip irrigation
b. Flood irrigation
c. Open channel irrigation
d. Furrow irrigation
Answer: a. Drip irrigation
18. What is the main driver of water scarcity in urban areas, often leading to over-extraction of groundwater?
a. Industrial pollution
b. Population growth
c. Deforestation
d. Climate change
Answer: b. Population growth
19. Which international treaty, signed in 1997, aims to limit the production and use of substances that deplete the ozone layer, indirectly benefiting water quality?
a. Kyoto Protocol
b. Montreal Protocol
c. Paris Agreement
d. Stockholm Convention
Answer: b. Montreal Protocol
20. In the context of water conservation, what does the term “Xeriscaping” refer to?
a. Sustainable agriculture practices
b. Water-efficient landscaping
c. Aquifer recharge methods
d. Urban water recycling
Answer: b. Water-efficient landscaping