1. What is the primary purpose of an operating system?
A) Managing hardware resources
B) Running applications
C) Providing a user interface
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
2. Which data structure follows the Last In, First Out (LIFO) principle?
A) Queue
B) Stack
C) Linked List
D) Tree
Answer: B) Stack
3. What does SQL stand for?
A) Simple Query Language
B) Structured Query Language
C) Sequential Query Language
D) Scripted Query Language
Answer: B) Structured Query Language
4. In programming, what is the purpose of a loop?
A) To store data
B) To repeat a sequence of instructions
C) To perform mathematical operations
D) To define a function
Answer: B) To repeat a sequence of instructions
5. What is the role of a compiler in software development?
A) Executes the program
B) Translates source code into machine code
C) Manages memory allocation
D) Debugs the code
Answer: B) Translates source code into machine code
6. What does HTTP stand for in web technology?
A) Hypertext Transfer Protocol
B) Hyperlink and Text Transfer Protocol
C) Hypertext Transmission Protocol
D) High Transfer Performance Protocol
Answer: A) Hypertext Transfer Protocol
7. What is the purpose of the ‘if’ statement in programming?
A) Loop control
B) Exception handling
C) Conditional execution
D) File input/output
Answer: C) Conditional execution
8. Which of the following is a nonvolatile memory type?
A) RAM (Random Access Memory)
B) ROM (ReadOnly Memory)
C) Cache memory
D) Virtual memory
Answer: B) ROM (ReadOnly Memory)
9. What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 101?
A) 1100101
B) 1101010
C) 1010011
D) 1100100
Answer: A) 1100101
10. Which sorting algorithm has the worstcase time complexity of O(n^2)?
A) QuickSort
B) MergeSort
C) BubbleSort
D) HeapSort
Answer: C) BubbleSort
11. What is the primary purpose of the ‘else’ statement in programming?
A) To declare variables
B) To handle exceptions
C) To define functions
D) To provide an alternative action if a condition is false
Answer: D) To provide an alternative action if a condition is false
12. Which of the following is not a programming paradigm?
A) ObjectOriented Programming (OOP)
B) Functional Programming
C) Procedural Programming
D) Structured Query Language (SQL)
Answer: D) Structured Query Language (SQL)
13. What does the acronym API stand for?
A) Application Programming Interface
B) Advanced Programming Interface
C) Automated Program Integration
D) Application Process Integration
Answer: A) Application Programming Interface
14. Which data structure is used to represent a hierarchical relationship between elements?
A) Queue
B) Stack
C) Tree
D) Linked List
Answer: C) Tree
15. In networking, what does DNS stand for?
A) Data Network System
B) Domain Name System
C) Dynamic Network Service
D) Digital Naming Scheme
Answer: B) Domain Name System
16. Which of the following is a highlevel programming language?
A) Assembly Language
B) Machine Language
C) C++
D) Binary Code
Answer: C) C++
17. What is the purpose of the ‘break’ statement in a loop?
A) To exit the loop prematurely
B) To skip the current iteration
C) To continue to the next iteration
D) To end the program execution
Answer: A) To exit the loop prematurely
18. Which of the following is not a type of computer memory?
A) Cache Memory
B) Secondary Memory
C) Peripheral Memory
D) Random Access Memory (RAM)
Answer: C) Peripheral Memory
19. What is the purpose of the ‘try’ and ‘catch’ blocks in exception handling?
A) To declare variables
B) To handle errors and exceptions
C) To define functions
D) To create loops
Answer: B) To handle errors and exceptions
20. Which programming language is often used for artificial intelligence and machine learning?
A) Java
B) Python
C) C#
D) Ruby
Answer: B) Python
21. What is the purpose of the ‘super’ keyword in objectoriented programming?
A) To invoke the superclass constructor
B) To access private class members
C) To declare a superclass
D) To define a static method
Answer: A) To invoke the superclass constructor
22. Which of the following is a relational database management system (RDBMS)?
A) MongoDB
B) SQLite
C) Redis
D) Cassandra
Answer: B) SQLite
23. What is the primary function of an assembler in the context of programming languages?
A) Converts source code to machine code
B) Translates highlevel code to machine code
C) Manages memory allocation
D) Executes the program
Answer: A) Converts source code to machine code
24. What does the acronym GUI stand for?
A) Graphical User Interface
B) General User Interface
C) Global User Integration
D) Generalized Utility Interface
Answer: A) Graphical User Interface
25. Which sorting algorithm has an averagecase time complexity of O(n log n)?
A) BubbleSort
B) QuickSort
C) InsertionSort
D) SelectionSort
Answer: B) QuickSort
26. In networking, what does the term “IP address” stand for?
A) Internet Protocol Address
B) Internal Port Address
C) Information Packet Address
D) Intranet Protocol Address
Answer: A) Internet Protocol Address
27. What is the purpose of the ‘volatile’ keyword in programming languages like Java?
A) It indicates a constant variable
B) It signifies a variable that can be modified asynchronously
C) It is used for memory deallocation
D) It specifies a variable’s visibility in different scopes
Answer: B) It signifies a variable that can be modified asynchronously
28. Which data structure is best suited for implementing a priority queue?
A) Stack
B) Linked List
C) Queue
D) Heap
Answer: D) Heap
29. What is the purpose of the ‘grep’ command in Unix/Linux?
A) To search for a pattern in a file
B) To create a new file
C) To delete a file
D) To list directory contents
Answer: A) To search for a pattern in a file
30. Which programming paradigm is characterized by dividing the program into small, independent units called objects?
A) Procedural Programming
B) Functional Programming
C) ObjectOriented Programming (OOP)
D) Imperative Programming
Answer: C) ObjectOriented Programming (OOP)
31. What does RAID stand for in the context of data storage?
A) Redundant Array of Independent Disks
B) Random Access and Integrated Drive
C) ReadAsynchronous Intelligent Disk
D) Relational Array of Integrated Data
Answer: A) Redundant Array of Independent Disks
32. Which programming language is commonly used for developing web applications on the client side?
A) Java
B) Python
C) JavaScript
D) Ruby
Answer: C) JavaScript
33. What is the purpose of the ‘chmod’ command in Unix/Linux?
A) Change file ownership
B) Change file permissions
C) Change file extension
D) Change file location
Answer: B) Change file permissions
34. In the context of databases, what is normalization?
A) The process of converting data into a different format
B) The process of reducing redundancy in database tables
C) The process of sorting data alphabetically
D) The process of encrypting data for security
Answer: B) The process of reducing redundancy in database tables
35. What is the role of a linker in the compilation process?
A) Translates highlevel code to machine code
B) Resolves references between different program modules
C) Manages memory allocation
D) Executes the program
Answer: B) Resolves references between different program modules
36. Which of the following is a keyvalue pair data structure?
A) Stack
B) Queue
C) Hash Table
D) Linked List
Answer: C) Hash Table
37. What is the purpose of the ‘git’ command in version control systems?
A) To create a new repository
B) To commit changes
C) To merge branches
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
38. Which algorithm is commonly used for searching elements in a sorted array or list?
A) Linear Search
B) Binary Search
C) DepthFirst Search
D) BreadthFirst Search
Answer: B) Binary Search
39. What is the purpose of the ‘virtual’ keyword in objectoriented programming?
A) To create an abstract class
B) To define a pure virtual function
C) To enable dynamic polymorphism
D) To declare a static variable
Answer: C) To enable dynamic polymorphism
40. Which of the following is an example of a NoSQL database?
A) MySQL
B) PostgreSQL
C) MongoDB
D) SQLite
Answer: C) MongoDB
41. What is the purpose of the ‘malloc’ function in C programming?
A) Memory allocation
B) Mathematical calculation
C) File input/output
D) Error handling
Answer: A) Memory allocation
42. Which design pattern is used to provide a simple interface for a set of interfaces in a subsystem?
A) Singleton
B) Adapter
C) Facade
D) Observer
Answer: C) Facade
43. What is the primary function of a router in a computer network?
A) Connects devices within the same network
B) Connects devices between different networks
C) Manages memory allocation
D) Executes programs
Answer: B) Connects devices between different networks
44. Which of the following is a markup language commonly used to structure content on the web?
A) XML (eXtensible Markup Language)
B) JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)
C) HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
D) CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
Answer: C) HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
45. In the context of databases, what is ACID?
A) A database query language
B) A set of properties that guarantee database transactions are processed reliably
C) A database indexing technique
D) A database connection protocol
Answer: B) A set of properties that guarantee database transactions are processed reliably
46. Which of the following is an example of a protocol used in email communication?
A) HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
B) SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
C) FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
D) TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
Answer: B) SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
47. What is the purpose of the ‘finally’ block in exception handling?
A) To handle errors
B) To execute code regardless of whether an exception is thrown or not
C) To terminate the program
D) To define a final variable
Answer: B) To execute code regardless of whether an exception is thrown or not
48. Which algorithm is used for sorting elements in a linked list?
A) QuickSort
B) MergeSort
C) BubbleSort
D) InsertionSort
Answer: D) InsertionSort
49. What is the primary purpose of the ‘Dijkstra’s algorithm’ in computer science?
A) Sorting elements
B) Searching elements
C) Pathfinding in graphs
D) Database normalization
Answer: C) Pathfinding in graphs
50. Which of the following is a fundamental unit of computation in quantum computing?
A) Qubit
B) Bit
C) Byte
D) Quantum Gate
Answer: A) Qubit